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The Shiv Sena is a regional Indian political party that was founded on June 19, 1966, by Bal Thackeray. It originated in the state of Maharashtra, primarily as a movement to advocate for the rights of the native Marathi-speaking population, known as Maharashtrians,…   against the perceived dominance of migrants from other Indian states. The name "Shiv Sena" pays homage to the 17th-century Maratha warrior king, Shivaji, symbolizing the party's emphasis on Marathi pride and cultural heritage.<br /><br />Over the years, the Shiv Sena has evolved from a regional party focusing on the "sons of the soil" doctrine to a more comprehensive political entity with a broader agenda, yet its core values remain rooted in strong regional identity, nativism, and Hindu nationalism. The party has been known for its advocacy of the Hindutva ideology, which seeks to define Indian culture in terms of Hindu values, and it has been a part of the National Democratic Alliance (NDA), led by the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), at various times.<br /><br />The Shiv Sena's political strategy has often been marked by its aggressive stance on various issues, including the promotion of Marathi language and culture, opposition to migration from other states, and a hardline approach towards India's internal security, particularly concerning terrorism and communal violence. The party has also been vocal about its stance on the India-Pakistan relationship, often advocating for stringent measures against Pakistan in the context of cross-border terrorism.<br /><br />Despite its controversial methods and polarizing politics, the Shiv Sena has played a significant role in Maharashtra's political landscape, having held power in the state government in coalition with other parties and maintaining a strong presence in the Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (BMC), which governs Mumbai, India's financial capital. The party's influence extends beyond politics into cultural and social spheres, where it has been involved in various initiatives to promote Marathi culture and heritage.<br /><br />In recent years, the Shiv Sena has seen internal splits and significant political shifts, including a notable break from its long-time ally, the BJP, and the formation of a new coalition government in Maharashtra with parties traditionally considered its ideological opponents. This move has led to debates about the party's future direction, its adherence to its core values, and its role in the broader spectrum of Indian politics.קרא עוד