Revisionist Zionism is a political ideology that emerged in the early 20th century as a faction within the Zionist movement. It was founded by Ze'ev Jabotinsky, a Russian Jewish writer and activist, who believed that the establishment of a Jewish state in Palestine, then under British control, should be achieved through political and military means.
Jabotinsky's vision was a response to what he perceived as the failure of mainstream Zionism to secure a Jewish homeland. He argued that the Zionist movement should adopt a more assertive and uncompromising stance towards the British and the Arab population of Palestine. This included the establishment of a Jewish majority in Palestine, the creation of a Jewish army, and the assertion of Jewish rights over the entire territory of Palestine.
Revisionist Zionism differed from mainstream Zionism in several key respects. While mainstream Zionism sought to achieve a Jewish homeland through diplomacy and negotiation, Revisionist Zionism advocated for a more militant approach. It also rejected the socialist ideals of the mainstream Zionist movement, instead promoting a capitalist and nationalist vision for the future Jewish state.
The ideology of Revisionist Zionism gained significant support among Jews in Eastern Europe, who were facing increasing anti-Semitism and violence. However, it was also highly controversial and led to deep divisions within the Zionist movement.
In the years leading up to the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, the Revisionist Zionist movement split into several factions. Some, like the Irgun and the Stern Gang, engaged in armed resistance against the British and carried out attacks against Arab civilians. Others, like the Herut party, pursued their goals through political means.
After the establishment of Israel, the Revisionist Zionist movement continued to influence Israeli politics. The Herut party, which was founded by former members of the Irgun, eventually became part of the Likud party, which has governed Israel for much of its history. The ideology of Revisionist Zionism has also influenced the Israeli settlement movement, which seeks to establish Jewish settlements in the West Bank and other territories occupied by Israel.
In conclusion, Revisionist Zionism is a political ideology within the Zionist movement that advocates for a more assertive and militant approach to the establishment of a Jewish state in Palestine. It has had a significant impact on the history of Zionism and the State of Israel.
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